Как сделать телегу своими руками: Изготовление телеги своими руками

Тележка своими руками — пошаговые инструкции по созданию тележек из металла и дерева

Хозяевам дач довольно часто требуется выполнять разнообразные садовые работы, в процессе которых возникает необходимость переместить какой-нибудь тяжёлый или крупногабаритный груз с одного места на другое.

Справиться с задачей поможет собственноручно сделанная садовая тележка. Она может быть изготовлена как из приобретённых на строительном рынке материалов, так и из подручных средств. В любом случае такая вещь будет незаменимой в частном хозяйстве любого размера.

Тележка садовая – необходимый помощник

Садовая тележка или колёсное средство малой механизации облегчает выполнение целого спектра садово-огородных работ. С её помощью можно:

• вывозить мусор и опавшую листву;
• перевозить стройматериалы;
• перемещать уголь и дрова;
• транспортировать землю.

Благодаря наличию колёсного средства бетонировать крыльцо, разбивать клумбы, обустраивать дорожки, возводить альпинарии станет намного быстрее и легче.

Самый простой вариант – приобрести такого помощника в специализированной торговой точке. Но ассортимент готовых изделий очень ограничен, что затрудняет выбор подходящей модели.

Лучше смастерить садовую тележку самим. Самодельная вещь будет иметь следующие преимущества:

• низкая стоимость;
• функциональность;
• экономичность;
• удобство эксплуатации (вы можете сделать тачку нужной грузоподъёмности и габаритов).

К недостаткам можно отнести значительный расход времени и сил.

Разновидности тележек

По числу колёс все колёсные средства делятся на приспособления:

1. С одним колесом (тачки). Чтобы данное устройство нормально передвигалась, будет довольно неширокой тропинки. Для освобождения от груза надо надавить на продольные рукояти и накренить её в бок. Плюсы – манёвренность и надёжность. Минусы – сложность перемещения тяжёлых грузов, необходимость приложения значительных усилий, чтобы удержать равновесие. Кроме того, практически не возможно передвигать тачку по мягкому грунту.
2. С двумя – четырьмя колёсами. Такие тележки выглядят более солидно. Плюсы – устойчивость, универсальность. Минус – для передвижения необходимы широкие дорожки.

Тележки могут изготавливаться из самых разных материалов. Чаще всего применяют дерево и металл. Причём тачки обычно делают деревянными, а двух — и четырёхколёсные приспособления – металлическими.

Отличаться тележки могут и по конструкционному решению. Разные модели оборудуются по-разному. В качестве дополнительных элементов могут выступать съёмные держатели, ящики, крепежи. После модификации приспособление можно использовать для транспортировки мелких предметов.

Садовая тележка самодельная

Определяясь с габаритами устройства, желательно остановиться на изделии средней величины. В приспособление мелкого размера не поместится массивный инструмент, а с чересчур большой — возникнут сложности с использованием (будет трудно перемещать и появится риск не прохода в дверной проём). Стандартными габаритами считаются 60*100*50 см — подобное приспособление отличает лёгкость, устойчивость, манёвренность.

Собираем тележку из металла

У изделия из металла два основных преимущества – выносливость и долговечность. Смастерить её сложно, но вполне реально. Подготовьте:

• стальной лист толщ. 1 – 2 мм;
• уголок 25*25;
• колёса;
• стальную трубу соответствующего диаметра.

Также вам потребуется болгарка и сварка.

Первым делом, набросайте чертёж будущего приспособления. На нём должны быть прорисованы все части и указаны размеры. Объём корпуса желательно сделать 100 л. Колёса допустимо взять от велика, детской коляски или мотоцикла.

Краткая инструкция:

1. Разрежьте лист, ориентируясь на заготовленный эскиз.
2. Сварите корпус.
3. Сделайте опорные стойки из уголка.
4. Соорудите ручку из трубы.
5. Прикрепите колёсную базу.

Тележка из металла готова!

Мастерим тележку из дерева

Это наиболее простое решение. Изготовить деревянную тачку может даже новичок. Никаких специальных инструментов и навыков не требуется. Рассмотрим последовательность действий:

1. Изготовление рамы. Рама делается из толстых досок 7*7 см.Каркас собирается внахлёст, в углы загоняют саморезы. Допустимо использование уголков для большей надёжности конструкции.
2. Сборка ходовой части. К низу каркаса прикрепляются 1 – 2 рейки для подшипников. Оптимальное число колёс для деревянной тачки – два.
3. Изготовление ручки. Этот элемент должен быть способен выдержать значительные нагрузки. Поэтому лучшим материалом станет металл. Крепление предпочтительно шарнирное, с фиксатором.
4. Сборка корпусной части. Корпус может быть стационарным или съёмным, на ваш выбор. Бортики можно сделать из досок или фанеры. Важное преимущество тачки из дерева — её конструкция предусматривает крепёж разных ёмкостей для перемещения груза.

Тележка садовая своими руками обязательно станет предметом вашей гордости. К тому же она позволит сэкономить вам кучу времени, которое вы можете провести с большей пользой. Поэтому не пожалейте своих усилий на создание такой полезной вещи.

Фото идеи самодельных тележек

90000 How to make a cardboard doll’s House with their own hands. Simple toy or original package for special gift. — DIY is FUN 90001 90002 You can make a small homemade doll’s house from materials at hand, such as an ordinary cardboard box from household appliances. This house will be useful for children to play or for the original packaging of the big gift. Also inside the house, you can attach the led tape, or new year’s garland and then in the evening it will be beautifully lit filling your home with warmth and coziness.Feel free to decorate your handmade toy at your taste: you can paint it, glue colour paper, decorate with seashells, pebbles, etc. 90003 90002 90005 90003 90002 We need: 90003 90009 90010 Cardboard box; 90011 90010 Curly scissors; 90011 90010 Office knife; 90011 90010 Adhesive; 90011 90010 Ruler; 90011 90010 Different material for decoration. 90011 90022 90002 90024 90025 90003 90002 First you need to make a roof. Cut the excess cardboard so that they form a triangle as shown below.90003 90002 90030 90003 90002 Please note that at this stage, accuracy is necessary in order that all four folding side converges in the shape of the roof. 90003 90002 90035 90003 90002 Subsequently, the roof will be secured only beautiful ribbon. 90003 90002 90040 90003 90002 The next step is to draw the windows and doors. Then you need to carefully cut them out. 90003 90002 90045 90025 It should be noted that windows can be made of any shape. 90003 90002 90049 90003 90002 For the beautiful design of the roof, you need to cut jagged strips using curly scissors.90003 90002 90054 90003 90002 Then, layer by layer glue them onto the roof in the form of shingles. 90003 90002 90059 90003 90002 In addition, with curly scissors can decorate the window. 90003 90002 90064 90003 90002 Tie a beautiful ribbon on the top of the house. 90003 90002 90069 90003 90002 Now the house can be used as the original packaging for a great gift or as a simple toy for kids 90003 90002 90074 90003 .90000 How to draw hands part 1 — Construction 90001 90002 90003 90004 90002 Our hands are extremely expressive and can form endless amounts of gestures. These gestures can convey many emotions such as fear, anger, sadness and happiness. No wonder they’re so difficult to draw! 90004 90002 I’ll admit I used to draw people with their hands tucked away in their pockets or hidden behind their backs. I would always find ways to hide them because drawing hands was one of my biggest weaknesses. Do not let it be yours! Tuck your fears away, take your pencils out and let’s practice drawing some hands together! 90004 90002 The easiest way to learn how to draw hands is to first understand its proportions and bone structure.This tutorial will cover how to construct a hand and help you understand it’s proportions but the bone structure is abstract. If you want to see a skeletal diagram of a hand, please click here. I will soon be making a part 2 covering nails, skin and wrinkles. You can follow me on Facebook to get an update whenever I post a new tutorial! 90004 90002 90012 ** Update: Click here for How to draw hands part 2! 90013 90004 90002 90012 ** New !! 90013 For more detailed instructions, checkout my new video tutorial! https: // youtu.be / j739xyYn0fE 90004 90002 90004 90002 90004 90023 90012 How to Draw a Hand Step by Step 90013 90026 90023 90012 Step 1: Shape the palm 90013 90026 90002 90032 Use an HB pencil to draw a rectangle slightly longer than a square. Make a slope at the top. The right side of the curve will dip down much lower than the left side since we are drawing the back of the right hand. Taper the right side of the rectangle as well. 90004 90023 90012 Step 2: Draw five circles 90013 90026 90002 90039 Draw 4 circles at the top with an even amount of spacing between them.These are the knuckles. Add a 5th circle for the thumb located on the bottom left about 4 / 5ths of the way down. 90004 90023 90012 Step 3: Measure and draw the fingers 90013 90026 90002 90046 To determine the length of each finger, measure the length from the wrist to the knuckles and duplicate that. The dotted line marks the maximum finger height. Our fingers vary in length and since the middle finger is the longest, we will use it as a reference to find the height of the other 3 fingers. To do that, draw a curved line that is similar to the first one drawn in step 1.90004 90023 90012 Step 4: Find the joints for each finger 90013 90026 90002 90053 Now that we have all 4 fingers drawn, it’s time to locate each joint. Add 2 more ticks on the middle finger, each roughly 1 quarter of the way down. Using these ticks, draw 2 more curves. We now have reference points for joint placement! Was not so bad, was it? Please note that these are only loose measurements for simplicity sake. 90004 90023 90012 Step 5: Draw circles at each joint 90013 90026 90002 90060 For each finger, draw 2 more circles.Each finger should have 3 circles ranging from small, medium to large from top to bottom. 90004 90023 90012 Step 6: Draw the thumb 90013 90026 90002 90067 For the thumb, draw a curved line coming from the bottom left circle. The height of the thumb will change depending on how far it is spread out. Measure the length of the thumb and draw a circle at the halfway point. Add another circle halfway up from there. 90004 90023 90012 Step 7: Make outlines around the hand 90013 90026 90002 90074 Make an outline around the structure.Increase the fat between each finger joint for chubby looking hands or decrease the fat while making the joints stick out for a skinnier hand. Humans have some webbing in between each finger, so make sure you connect each finger with webs. Make sure they are not too low. They should be well above the knuckles drawn in step 2. Now that we understand the proportions and how to construct a basic hand, let’s practice drawing different hand gestures. 90003 90004 90023 90012 Hand Images for Drawing Reference 90013 90026 90002 Feel free to download and use the hand images below for your reference! You may find that it is difficult to use the measurement system for certain gestures.In this case, eye the approximate measurements and remember to implement the use of curved lines when drawing fingers. If you practice enough, you should be able to sketch them without the use of guidelines or better yet, be able to visualize and draw any gesture! Understanding muscles, tendons and fat tissue will help add a layer of realism to your hands. Click here for an interactive 360 ​​degree model. You can view different layers by clicking on the thumbnails at the top. 90004 90002 ** Click here for the second part of this tutorial: 90012 How to Draw Hands Part 2: Beyond Structure 90013 90004 90002 90004 90002 90090 90091 90004 90002 Have any questions or requests? Leave them in the comments below and I’ll get back to you as soon as possible! 90004 90002 If you love RapidFireArt tutorials and want to support what I do, check out my Patreon page where you can support RFA and earn cool rewards at the same time! 90004 90097 90002 Darlene created RFA In 2013 with the goal of sharing simple yet detailed drawing tutorials with other artists on the world wide web.She is a self taught pencil portrait artist and Youtuber. 90004.90000 8 Steps to Make Your Own Manga or Comic Book 90001 90002 Making a real manga requires a lot of time, dedication and artistic skill but do not let that discourage you form trying. You have to start somewhere. 90003 90002 This tutorial provides some 90005 step by step tips on how to plan out your manga 90006 before you start drawing as well as some 90005 drawing tips 90006 for when you do. 90003 90010 Step 1 — Determine the Type of Story You Will Tell 90011 90012 Manga character types 90002 Determine the type of story you have.Slice of life, fantasy, sci-fi, historical, etc … 90003 90010 Step 2 — Write Out a Quick Summary of Your Manga 90011 90017 Writing a summary 90002 Write down a basic summary of your manga that describes the main events of your story. 90003 90010 Step 3 — Create Character Profiles & Design Your Characters 90011 90022 Designing a manga character 90002 Write a profile for each of the major characters in your manga and design their appearance. 90003 90002 For advice on making your characters you can see: 90003 90002 4 Important Steps to Make Your Own Manga or Anime Character 90003 90010 Step 4 — Determine the Settings 90011 90002 Determine where your story will take place.For example if it’s a fantasy world what is it called? What are it’s 90005 main defining features 90006. What are the 90005 major locations 90006? 90003 90002 It’s also important to note that even non fantasy or sci-fi stories can still take place in imaginary locations (countries, cities that do not exist). 90003 90002 You should 90005 plan out the locations of the manga where the majority of events will take 90006 place. 90003 90043 Fantasy map drawing example 90002 If you have a fantasy setting you can start by drawing the overall map of the world or the part of it where story takes place.You can use icons to show the different locations (you can also add notes to each icon) 90003 90046 Town map drawing example 90002 In a non-fantasy manga you can skip the world map and 90005 draw the map of the main town or towns in your story 90006 (you will want town maps for a fantasy manga as well). 90003 90002 For a town map you can draw things like the location of the main characters house, their friends house, the path they take to get to work or school, the key locations around town where the story will take place, etc … 90005 Use simple icons 90006 to draw the map and only for locations that are relevant to your story.90003 90002 If you want to use a real town as the setting for your manga it’s a good idea to use a real map of it and take photos of real locations. 90003 90057 House drawing 90002 Next you can 90005 sketch out the locations 90006 themselves. For example the street view of the main characters house, the school, etc … 90003 90062 Room plan drawing 90002 Finally you can 90005 sketch some of the more important interiors 90006 where the story will take place such as a classroom, or the main characters room.This will help you establish the location of the main objects in the room (bed, desk, etc …). 90003 90002 The reason for this type of planning is to 90005 avoid inconsistencies when drawing your manga 90006 and to also help you plan the story. For example you will know that the characters need to walk past the convenience store to get to the beach. So you can have them buy snacks on the way. While at the same time you can avoid mistakes like forgetting the location of the store and having them walk past it on their way to the park in another chapter.90003 90002 For drawing rooms you can also see: 90003 90002 One Point Perspective Room Drawing Tutorial — Step by Step 90003 90010 Step 5 — Determine the Length of Your Manga 90011 90077 Point form notes 90002 Plan out how much of your story will happen in each chapter. 90003 90002 90005 Write point form notes of the major events in a given chapter 90006 and the characters that will participate in them. 90003 90002 90005 Example of point form notes: 90006 90003 90088 90089 Protagonist wakes up and makes breakfast 90090 90089 Protagonist stops by best friend’s house & they walk to school together 90090 90089 On way to school protagonist and best friend talk about … 90090 90089 At start of class a new transfer student is introduced 90090 90089 etc … 90090 90099 90002 Of course you will want to use the actual names of your characters in the notes.90003 90002 Clearly label each set of point form notes like «Chapter 1, Chapter 2, etc ..». If you are going to name your chapters include the name after the number (example: Chapter 1 — Chapter Name). You want to stay well organized. 90003 90010 Step 6 — Plan Your Pages 90011 90106 Sketching out a manga page using chibi characters 90002 Plan out each page in a given chapter by doing 90005 rough sketches 90006 of it. A good way to do this is to use printer paper. It’s fairly cheap and you can easily discard a sheet if you make a mistake.Be sure to 90005 number your pages 90006 as you draw so you do not get confused later. 90003 90002 90005 Speed ​​things up by drawing «Chibi» characters 90006 for this part of your manga creation process (big head with a small body and not much detail). 90003 90002 For more on drawing chibi characters you can see: 90003 90002 16 Examples of How to Draw Chibi Anime Facial Expressions 90003 90002 You should also 90005 include the dialogue that will take place on each page 90006. 90003 90002 Your sketches can be fairly rough (a lot more so than the example), the idea is to quickly 90005 establish what will happen in every panel 90006 in a way that makes sense.Be aware that you may have to adjust the size of the panels in the actual manga as the size of the pages can be different (read the next step for explanation of printing and size). You should however still use the same number of panels and they should be laid out very close to the way you will draw them in the final manga. 90003 90010 Step 7 — Plan for Printing Before You Draw the Actual Manga 90011 90131 Trim, Bleed and Live Area breakdown 90002 Before you start drawing the actual manga there are a few things you should be aware of.90003 90002 If you actually plan on getting your manga professionally printed you should 90005 do some research on the standard print sizes 90006 for such material. If you are just drawing your manga for practice and will print it at home you can do whatever your home printer can handle. With that said it might still be better to try and do one in a size standardized for the industry even if it’s just for practice. 90003 90002 It is important to also be aware that the standard sizes for a manga in a country like Japan may be different to what is standard for a comic book in other countries.Be careful to actually 90005 get the size that is available for you to print in 90006. 90003 90002 If you want your manga printed you should also be aware of the «live area», «bleed» and «trim». 90003 90144 Page Live Area 90145 90002 This is the part of your page where your 90005 drawing is safe from having parts of it cut-off 90006. 90003 90144 Page Trim 90145 90002 Trim is the point at which the 90005 surrounding material will be cut off 90006. 90003 90144 Page Bleed 90145 90002 The bleed is the area 90005 past the cut-off area 90006.The reason for it is to insure that there will be no unwanted white borders or spots on the edges of your page. If you want a background colour or a drawing that goes all the way to the edge of a printed page you will need to draw past the cut-off area into the bleed area. 90003 90144 Additional Help When Printing Manga 90145 90002 You can 90005 do additional research on printing on your own 90006 but the above printing tips are all things to be aware of. 90003 90002 If you feel yo need more help in this area a 90005 good person to consult 90006 with can be a 90005 graphic designer 90006.They often deal with print and should be easier to find than an actual manga or comic book artist. 90003 90144 Web Manga 90145 90002 You can also skip the printing process all together and simply 90005 publish your manga online 90006. This is probably by far the cheapest and easiest way to do things. However you should still try and determine the best size to use in case you do want to print it later. 90003 90010 Step 8 — Pick a Speech Bubble Style 90011 90002 90183 90003 90002 Different types of bubbles can be used to reinforce the message they contain.For example a normal speech bubble can be a simple oval with a tail that points towards the characters mouth. If a character is shouting you may want to emphasize that with bubble with jagged edges. 90003 90002 Different manga artists can sometimes also use slightly different styles of speech bubbles. Generally you will want to pick one set of styles and stick with it throughout your manga. 90003 90002 For a list of the more common styles of manga speech bubbles and well as explanations of when to use them see: 90003 90002 How to Draw Manga Speech Bubbles Tutorial 90003 90010 Step 9 — Drawing Your Manga 90011 90195 Inking manga 90002 When everything is finally planned out you can start drawing your manga.90003 90002 You should 90005 begin by doing a light pencil drawing 90006 and ink it in afterwards. 90003 90002 90005 For inking a manga you can use a Nib Pen and ink 90006. If you have never used one before you should probably practice drawing with it before you try and ink your manga. 90003 90002 You will eventually need to 90005 scan your drawings 90006 which means you can clean them up digitally. For this reason if you make a small mistake when inking it should not be a major problem.90003 90002 Alternatively 90005 if you have a pen tablet and the right software you can draw your manga digitally 90006 all together. In this case you obviously would not need to scan or ink the manga in traditional sense but you should still start with a light sketch and go over it with dark lines afterwards. Pretty much everything else that was mentioned earlier would still apply. 90003 90002 If a drawing tablet is something you are interested in you can check: 90003 90010 Bonus Tip — Get Feedback 90011 90002 You can get some basic feedback by showing people your character designs and giving them some idea of ​​the plot.You can also show them your planning sketches to see if what is happening in the panels actually makes sense to other people. 90003 90002 It might be hard for a friend to criticize your work but 90005 ask for honest feedback 90006. 90003 90002 Criticism may also be hard to take but if you are truly serious about doing something then you should be willing to listen to the opinions of others. At the same time remember that not every bit of advice or criticism from everyone is always valid. Definitely try and talk to more than one person and get a general consensus of your work.90003 90002 If you know someone who is a professional artist or writer they may be a very good person to ask for some help and advice. 90003 90010 Conclusion 90011 90002 Making a manga is time consuming but if you managed to read this far you’ve already shown some persistence as this is a fairly long post. An important thing when taking on a large project is to plan it well and not rush to get it done too quickly as you may burn yourself out. 90005 Do a certain amount of work each day or each week and stick to it 90006.90003 90002 While this tutorial is quite extensive you may want to do even more research if you are serious about making your own manga or comic book. 90003 90002 If you need help drawing in the anime and manga style you can always check the Tutorials section for some drawing tips. 90003 90002 90005 Good luck! 90006 90003 .