Ширина ленточного фундамента для дома из пеноблоков: Какой ширины должен быть фундамент под пеноблок

видео-инструкция по монтажу своими руками, глубина, размер, фото

В отличие от кирпича, пеноблок является довольно молодым строительным материалом, который используется около 100 лет. Он обладает весьма неплохими характеристиками в области изоляции от влаги, холода и звука и при этом считается экологически чистым.

Однако некоторые особенности этого материала порождают вопросы о том, можно ли использовать свайный фундамент под дом из пеноблоков или какое основание лучше всего выбрать для этого типа строений.

Любительское фото ленточного основания для строения из пенобетона

Правильный выбор

Для того чтобы определить с тем, какое основание необходимо под строение и пеноблока необходимо рассмотреть массу различных факторов, начиная от свойств этого материала и заканчивая типом грунта.

Только на основании совокупности этих факторов можно сделать правильные выводы и выбрать верное решение. При этом стоит отметить, что глубина фундамента под дом из пеноблоков и может изменяться не только от состава почвы, но и выбранного типа основания.

Неправильно выбранное или некачественно изготовленное основание может привести к трагедии

Свойства

• Пеноблок имеет ячеечную структуру, поэтому является прекрасным звука и теплоизолятором. Именно поэтому в последнее время его стали использовать повсеместно.
• Данный материал обладает довольно большим весом, хотя и не является одним из самых тяжелых. Именно поэтому даже фундамент под гараж из пеноблоков должен выдерживать большие нагрузки.
• В отличие от других строительных материалов он не является самым прочным и ударостойким. При повреждениях стены пеноблок может не только дать трещину, но и деформироваться.
• Данный материал является одним из самых экологически чистых и позволяет стенам «дышать».
• Благодаря своим размерам изготовление стены из пеноблока требует гораздо меньшего времени, чем при работе с кирпичом.

Из перечисленных свойств, можно понять, что фундамент под пеноблоки не может быть изготовлен на основании столбов или легких свай. Данные конструкции просто не выдержат его веса, а способ монтажа в любом случае потребует создания армопояса, что можно приравнять к дополнительной работе по изготовлению мелкозаглубленного основания.

Совет!
Если для возведения здания необходим, материл, который по своим экологическим качествам можно было бы сравнить с древесиной, а по прочности с камнем, то блоки из пенобетона можно назвать самым оптимальным решением для этой задачи.

Фундамент, изготовленный из пенобетонных блоков

Почва

Для начала необходимо понять, что размер фундамента под дом из пеноблоков и особенно его глубина напрямую зависит от типа почвы. Дело в том, что данному материалу нужна прочная и надежная опора лишенная даже малейшей усадки.

Именно поэтому сразу отпадают мелкозаглубленные фундаменты, а на первое место выходят ленточные основания, которые начинаются ниже точки промерзания грунта. При подвижных грунтах стоит использовать немецкий способ монтажа.

Он предлагает использовать строительный пеноблок под фундамент:

• Для этого вырывают котлован ниже точки промерзания почвы.
• Затем на его дно укладывают подушку из щебня и песка. При этом тщательно утрамбовывая ее.
• Далее в котлован кладут бетонную плиту или заливают ее на месте.
• На ней и возводят ленточное основание из данного материала, разделяя его армопоясами в местах переходов между этажами.
• Считается, что при таком методе получится идеальная глубина фундамента под гараж из пеноблоков, поскольку не только создаст прочную основу, но и позволит организовать смотровую яму.
• Однако стоит отметить, что данная работа требует организации хорошей гидроизоляции, дренажной засыпки и отмостки.

Совет!
Если бетонная плита заливается прямо в котловане, то необходимо дать ей время для самостоятельной усадки.
В противном случае именно из-за этого могут возникнуть повреждения в стене.

Монолитная плита может стать прекрасным основанием для любого строения

Статьи по теме:

Монолитная плита

Если будущее строение не будет громоздким или не превысит одного этажа, то фундамент под дом из пеноблока можно не углублять в землю, а использовать для этих целей бетонную плиту:

• Для начала подготавливают посадочное место, расчищая участок от травы и мусора.
• Затем выравнивают почву и производят небольшое заглубление (20 см), для организации подушки из песка и щебня.
• После этого, устанавливают бетонную плиту, на которой и производят строительство.

Данный вариант можно использовать, как фундамент под баню из пеноблоков или для различных хозяйственных построек. Также его применяют для небольших строений с малым весом.

Совет!
Для экономии, можно приобретать аэродромные плиты, которые уже были в употреблении.
Они намного надежнее обычных железобетонных изделий, а их стоимость будет значительно меньше.

Подготовленная траншея для заливки ленточного основания с учетом того, что держаться оно будет на бетонных сваях собственного производства

Ленточные основания

Самым надежным и качественным считается ленточный фундамент, по отношению к материалу из пенобетона.

Он имеет минимальную усадку, способность поддерживать конструкцию по всей ее площади и при этом выдерживает большие нагрузки.

• Для начала выравнивается поверхность. При этом стоит использовать водяной уровень.
• Далее выкапывают траншеи, глубина которых должна быть более 1.2 метра или по расчетам проекта.
• Они должны располагаться под всеми несущими стенами в здании и быть на 10 см шире их с каждой стороны.
• Затем засыпают в траншею слой щебня и слой песка, толщиной в 5-10 см каждый.
• На него сверху можно поместить гидроизоляцию из рубероида, хотя не каждая инструкция по монтажу этого требует.
• Далее производится армирование. Для этого в траншею помещают металлическую арматуру, которую перевязывают между собой при помощи стальной проволоки, чтобы в результате получилась конструкция на подобии клетки.
• На следующем этапе изготавливается опалубка. Ее можно сделать своими руками из старых досок. Высота этой конструкции должна быть такой же, как и высота будущего фундамента над уровнем земли.
• Когда все предварительные работы завершены, в подготовленную траншею заливают бетон. При этом его тщательно уплотняют, а при наличии необходимого инструмента, даже подвергают воздействию вибрации, чтобы заполнить все пустоты и вывести пузырьки воздуха.

Кладку можно осуществлять только после полного застывания бетона и на слой гидроизолятора

• После того, как фундамент залили, ему дают застыть и отстояться, для усадки. Только после этого на него укладывают гидроизоляцию и начинают строительство.

Стоит отметить, что цена такой конструкции довольно высока, но только она может обеспечить правильное функционирование и надежность строению из пеноблоков. При этом данный тип основания может быть использован на большинстве видов грунта и в различных климатических зонах.

Совет!
Чтобы новый фундамент прошел все стадии адаптации, строительство на нем рекомендуют начинать только через 1-2 месяца.
При этом в случае с использования пеноблоков в качестве основного строительного материала, этот срок желательно не сокращать.

Ленточный фундамент для строений из пенобетона стоит дополнительно утеплить, чтобы вся конструкция обладала одними характеристиками и не создавала перепадов температуры

Вывод

В представленном видео в этой статье вы найдете дополнительную информацию по данной теме. При этом используя данный материал можно сделать выводы о том, что не все типы фундаментов подходят для использования в конструкциях из пенобетонных блоков. Во многом это связанно с их индивидуальными свойствами, принципом монтажа и типом почвы.

Однако именно пенобетон в настоящее время занимает лидирующие места в современном строительстве. Он прекрасно зарекомендовал себя в прошлом, а его найдут ему место и в будущем.

90000 MATERIALS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF BATH of foam blocks 90001 90002 Content: 90003 90002 It has long been built for bath procedures performed from logs, but now wooden log many can not afford. Over the years, the price of natural materials significantly increased. But the way out of any situation is always possible to find. Inexpensive construction of a bath of foam blocks is a good alternative to pure wooden construction. This issue is dedicated to today’s material. 90003 90006 Designing a bath of foam blocks 90007 90002 Modern designs bath of foam blocks generally credible, since the construction of such facilities particular complexity is no different.At the design stage it is necessary to implement the structure of the binding to the site to determine the size of future baths, its location of doors, windows, interior walls and equipment. 90003 90002 The main factors of a successful project — is correctly chosen form of foundation, depending on soil type and structure of the masses; correctly calculated the geometry and dimensions of the building, the number of multiples of foam blocks of the first row of walls. It is very important that the draft arrangement of power supply systems, sewage systems, water supply and ventilation systems.The overall result of the data will allow us to calculate the amount needed for construction materials. 90003 90006 The choice of material for the bath 90007 90002 In our case, the wall material prepared from cement-sand mortar with addition of special foam which forms in the polymerization mixture in the air chamber therein. With this technology building stone obtained inexpensive, durable, environmentally friendly, fireproof and convenient for installation. 90003 90002 Air blocks well cut, sawn and planed using conventional tools — ax and a handsaw.One disadvantage of this material is its low moisture resistance due to porosity stone structure. Therefore, when buying is necessary to choose high-strength products, coated waterproof primer. 90003.90000 Foundation for a house made of foam blocks 90001 90002 Of course, the walls of the house and its foundation arethe basis of the whole structure. Moreover, even with small errors made during their design and erection, serious problems are possible, up to the destruction of the building. 90003 90002 The foundation for a house made of foam blocks, isthe main constructive element. It performs the function of perceiving the load from the entire building and its transfer to the ground. That is why it is very important to choose and design the future pillow for the house correctly, otherwise there may be excessive or uneven sediment of the building.90003 90002 When building a country house, for the purpose ofprevention of such troubles, the load from the building should be distributed over a sufficiently large area. It is also necessary to excavate the soil to a layer of strong rocks. Requires piles, immersed in weak rocks to a layer of strong, or you can strengthen the weak ground from above. Special difficulties arise when the foundation for a house made of foam blocks or brick is erected on soils with a high level of compressibility. 90003 90002 Foundations of their type are divided intotape, plate and columnar.Which kind of foundation is most suitable for a particular construction site is revealed after determining the properties of the soil, such as composition, distance to groundwater and how much the ground freezes in winter. 90003 90002 Columnar 90003 90002 Are the most common and cheap, relative to other types. They also differ in their effectiveness when installed in deep freezing and puchinistye soils. 90003 90002 Columnal foundations are most suitable forbuildings with light walls: chopped wooden, frame or panel.If you plan to build a country house with the use of one of these materials, you should install a monolithic columnar foundation. The basis of the technology of erection is the installation of poles in the corners of the building, at the points of intersection of walls and in other places where the greatest number of loads will be concentrated. 90003 90002 Tape 90003 90002 Are built under the walls of the house, or under separatesupport. Suitable for buildings with heavy walls (stone, concrete, etc.), Or with heavy ceilings. For example, if the floor in the house is made of foam blocks, then such a foundation will not be a very good decision. The most suitable option for installing such a foundation is under the house with a basement, a garage or a basement floor. 90003 90002 The installation of tape foundations requires the use of a large number of materials, labor intensity, large volumes of land works, to all other, they have significant weight. 90003 90002 Plate 90003 90002 Such structures are erected throughout the area of ​​the building.Are made of reinforced concrete beams or monolithic reinforced concrete. Such foundations give the building additional spatial rigidity. 90003 90002 The slab foundation is suitable for compressible soils. All soil changes are transferred to the entire foundation. The device of this type of construction requires a large consumption of materials, so its installation is suitable for small buildings where a high base is not required, and the plate serves as the floor of the room. For large buildings, a cross-ribbed or ribbed construction is installed.This option can be used if a foundation for a house of foam blocks is being built. 90003 90002 The installation of a certain type of foundation dependsnot only from the soil, but also from the massive nature of the future construction. Therefore, to say exactly what type is suitable for a country house at once is impossible. Here it is necessary first to analyze the whole situation. For example, the foundation for a house made of foam blocks can be both slab and ribbon. Determine the type of foundation is best entrusted to specialists.90003 p >> .90000 We understand what the foundation is better for a house of foam blocks 90001 90002 In recent years, more and more commonbecome houses of foam concrete. This is explained by both their cheapness and the simplicity of their erection. But beginners often have a question about which foundation is better for a house from foam blocks. 90003 To fully answer it, let us consider the most common situations that are often encountered in the construction of a country house. 90002 Most often, light one-storey buildings are erected with ordinary ceilings from a wooden beam.In this case, it is quite acceptable to use a cheap and light ribbon foundation. 90003 90002 But! It will not do much to make the work much cheaper, since a reinforced belt is necessary in the field of windows and doorways. Otherwise, the appearance of cracks in the walls of the structure is inevitable. 90003 90002 Choosing which foundation is best for a home fromfoam blocks, do not forget about TISE. This is a kind of buried bottom, the cost of installation is somewhat lower. The fact is that the foundation in this case refers to a columnar type, additionally reinforced in the field of structures, which give the greatest load on the soil.90003 90002 The second option is somewhat less common. In this case, a two-storey building is erected with the same wooden ceilings. So what is the best foundation for a house made of foam blocks in two floors? Any, but not an easy ribbon version, which is corny can not withstand the gravity of such a design. 90003 90002 Strangely enough, but the proceeds will come againvariant of TISE. The buried structure is able to withstand a significant severity even on the least resistant soils, and the need for reinforced substrates is minimum when used.But there is one «but»: if under the future house there are soils of fine sand, and close to them are groundwaters, then its use is strictly contraindicated. 90003 90002 But what is the best foundation for a house made of foam blocks that can save the situation in this case? 90003 90002 Here you have to deal with the installationdepth tape or think about grillage, which will be installed on piles with enlarged blades. Of course, spending on such a basis in both cases will be quite significant.90003 90002 The most difficult option is a three-story house, overlapping of which are made of reinforced concrete slabs. Just intending to build such a structure, the first thing you need to know in the local service of geodesy about the physical feasibility of such construction in your area. 90003 90002 It is very likely that in order to facilitate theThe construction of reinforced concrete will have to be done only on the lower floor, and the upper floor is already set to the usual tree. In this case, choosing the best foundation for a house made of aerated concrete will be much easier.90003 But in any case it will be necessary to make a thick sand and gravel pillow, which will promote the most even distribution of the load on the ground. 90002 Above it is put reinforced concrete slab. It is very important to build a reinforced belt under the windows, and put the first row of blocks strictly on a massive concrete base raised as high as possible above the snow level. As a foundation, you can use a standard tape installed on a concrete foundation slab. 90003 90002 Almost all the projects of the foundation of houses from foam blocks provide for the use of the belt type as the cheapest and universal option.90003 p >> .90000 What Type of Foundation Is Best for Memory Foam and Latex Mattresses? 90001 90002 I’ve been in the mattress industry over a decade, and the # 1 question I hear from people is, «What type of foundation or support base should I use with my memory foam or latex mattress?» 90003 90002 As most of you know, a foundation is the support base or mechanism that sits underneath a mattress. Both memory foam and latex mattresses require a solid, uniform foundation to work properly. 90003 90002 90007 In this article, we will discuss the following bed foundations: 90008 90003 90010 90011 Platform Bed Frames 90012 90011 Wood-Slat Mattress Foundations 90012 90011 Foldable Metal Platform Foundations 90012 90011 Adjustable Bases 90012 90011 Box Spring Replacement Foundations 90012 90011 Bunkie Boards 90012 90023 90002 You will also find information about whether or not it is okay to put your memory foam mattress on the floor, how to protect your foam mattress, and the differences between memory foam and latex.90003 90026 Two Basic Types of Mattress Foundations 90027 90002 There are two basic types of mattress foundations in the mattress world today: box springs and foundations. 90003 90030 90011 90007 Box springs 90008 are, for the most part, a combination of wood and steel springs that act like shock absorbers for a traditional innerspring mattress. 90012 90011 90007 Foundations 90008 are a more solid structure, for use with memory foam or latex mattresses, and are typically a solid wood top or wood-slatted system with a cover.90012 90039 90026 Do You Need a Box Spring or a Solid Foundation With a Foam Mattress? 90027 90002 All you need for your foam mattress is a solid base. Closely laid wooden slats, a metal base, a bunkie board, or even the floor will all do just fine in place of a box spring. That said, if your box spring is rigid and firm (less than an inch of give), it should be okay to use with a memory foam or latex mattress. 90003 90002 Typical foundations on the market today are either steel frame and steel frame / wood slat combinations or come with a nice zippered cover, and a solid wood top or even tacked cardboard.They are ideal for memory foam or latex mattresses because they provide a solid, uniform bottom for the foam cores. The less give you have, the better. 90003 90046 Why Do Latex and Memory Foam Mattresses Need Solid Bases? 90047 90002 Compared to traditional mattresses, memory foam and latex mattresses are quite heavy. Naturally, this means they require more support! 90003 90046 Can I Use My Old Box Spring With My Memory Foam Mattress? 90047 90002 Older box springs (typically ones that are over 10 years old) typically have too much give in their spring systems and are not a good support base for foam mattresses.If you have an existing box spring that is less than 10 years old and still in good shape, test it by pushing against the springs in several spots. Make sure the entire box spring has the same consistency in feel and has no more than an inch of give. 90003 90026 1. Platform Bed Frame 90027 90002 This simple type of bed frame is designed for use without a box spring, meaning it already has the built-in support necessary for any kind of mattress. Seeing as these frames are fairly simple and do not require a box spring, they are often cheaper than traditional bed frames.Depending on the style, they also provide ample under-bed storage space, which can be a big bonus for those living in small spaces. (Low-profile or floating platform beds tend not to provide any storage space, however, so be sure to check the details!) 90003 90026 2. Wood-Slat Mattress Foundations 90027 90002 Wood-slat foundations work well too, as long as the slats are close enough together. We like to see the slats no more than 3 «apart or less, preferably 2» apart. You’ll need to measure or make sure with a retailer that the slats are close enough together.Otherwise, you’ll need to put a ½-inch to ¾-inch cut plywood or pressboard over the slats to create that solid, uniform bottom (these boards will typically be in two cuts that you’ll butt together, the bigger the mattress you have). 90003 90002 This Zinus wood-slat foundation is super sturdy at a great price, and it has a clean, modern look. The assembled height is about 10 inches off the floor, so with the mattress, it sits at a nice height off of the floor. I had a 10-inch mattress on mine-not too low and not too high, so it was easy to get in and out of bed.90003 90002 In addition to their other benefits, slatted mattress foundations are a great option because they allow mattresses to breathe. 90003 90026 3. Foldable Metal Platform Foundations 90027 90002 I recently tested the Pragma bed platform with both a memory foam and a latex mattress. The platform worked beautifully with both types. It unfolds easily and folds right back up in seconds to store. The metal support stands are close enough together to provide that much-needed congruous support.90003 90002 This foundation is great for guest beds that need to be put away after use but would also work well for a main mattress with longterm use. I highly recommend this platform foundation. It comes in a surprisingly small box because it is collapsible. It is also lightweight, which makes it easy to move (as you’ll see in the video below), so it is great for storage. 90003 90026 4. Adjustable Base 90027 90002 Which adjustable base would I recommend? By far, the ones manufactured by Leggett and Platt.They are durable, last a long time, are backed by a good warranty, and are built with quality components and craftsmanship. I own their ShipShape adjustable base, and in four years, I have not had one problem with it (and I’ve moved twice in that time). 90003 90002 What amazed me the most when I received mine (and during my moves), was how easy it was to assemble and disassemble. They really had the consumer in mind when designing this base. Need more convincing? Check out the video below. 90003 90002 If my word is not enough for you, the leading memory foam mattress company (which I dare not name because of their trademark restrictions, just think of the glass-of-wine test on the mattress) uses these adjustable bases almost exclusively with their models.90003 90002 90007 Note: 90008 Adjustable bases allow you to choose the angle of your bed (ie, by raising the foot and / or head sections. They usually come with either remote or manual controls (which are cheaper but more difficult to deal with). 90003 90026 5. Box Spring Replacement Foundations 90027 90002 If you like the height that your box spring provides but it’s too old to use with your new foam mattress, a box spring replacement foundation is the way to go. That way, you still have the height you’re used to without sacrificing any support.90003 90002 This Classic Brands Instant Foundation comes in all sizes and is very easy to assemble. It’s perfect for memory foam and latex mattresses. I’ve tested it myself. 90003 90026 6. Bunkie Boards 90027 90002 A bunkie board (or bunky board) is a flat object used to support your mattress. It is usually made of plywood or particleboard and is a simple and cost-effective way to provide a solid base for your memory foam or latex mattress. 90003 90002 Bunkie boards are particularly great because they can be used to update your existing setup to get it ready for your new mattress.This means you can top your old box spring, other foundation, or platform bed with a bunkie board to make sure it will be able to support your new mattress. 90003 90002 Strapped for cash? You can make your own super-simplified bunkie board with a piece of plywood. Be aware, however, that if you take this route, you should treat or cover they plywood immediately. Plywood is prone to chipping, meaning it could easily snag your mattress or sheets if left alone. 90003 90026 Is It Okay to Put Memory Foam on the Floor? 90027 90002 I get this question a lot: Is it ok to put a memory foam mattress directly on the floor? 90007 The simple answer is yes.90008 Why? Because these mattresses need a solid, uniform bottom, and a floor provides that. The floor functions like a foundation. 90003 90002 Now, this will be a very low-profile bed because you do not have the elevation that a foundation and frame would give you. This means getting out of bed will be a bit difficult. However, many people do this, particularly folks who are just starting out and trying to save some money. 90003 90026 How to Protect Your Foam Mattress 90027 90002 While providing a proper base for your foam mattress is essential to protecting it and extending its lifetime, caring for your it does not stop there.Here are a few more ways you can protect your foam mattress. 90003 90030 90011 90007 Rotate and / or Flip Your Mattress Every 3-6 Months. 90008 This will ensure that pressure is spread evenly over the mattress, keeping any one part from becoming overly worn. 90012 90011 90007 Let Your Mattress Breathe. 90008 If possible, choose a breathable support base (e.g., wooden slats). This will help extend the life of your mattress. 90012 90011 90007 Use a Mattress Cover. 90008 Using a cover that’s easy to remove and clean will help keep your mattress in great shape by keeping it from coming into contact with UV rays, promoting good hygiene, and preventing spills from penetrating its dense (and tough-to-dry) material.90012 90011 90007 Keep Your Mattress Out of Direct Sunlight. 90008 Foam mattresses can break down and turn yellowish when exposed to harsh sunlight, reducing their longevity. 90012 90011 90007 Do not Jump on Your Mattress. 90008 This type of sudden and «unnatural» pressure can cause permanent sagging. 90012 90039 90026 Memory Foam vs. Latex 90027 90002 These mattress types probably seem nearly identical to anyone who is not a mattress specialist, so allow me to explain a few of the ways they differ.90003 90046 What’s Special About Memory Foam Mattresses? 90047 90002 Memory foam is special because it adjusts to the exact contours of your body and bounces back slowly (i.e. if you press into the material and lift up, it will take a little while to resume its original shape). 90003 90002 90007 Pros of memory foam mattresses: 90008 90003 90030 90011 Ideal for back and side sleepers because in these positions, memory foam aids spine and neck-bone alignment and provides better hip and shoulder comfort than traditional mattresses.90012 90011 Ideal for couples who are light sleepers, as movement on one side of the bed will hardly be felt on the other. 90012 90011 Ideal for people with allergies, as memory foam is hypoallergenic and dense enough to keep dust mites, dirt, and bacteria from penetrating the mattress. 90012 90039 90002 I bought a Zinus Memory Foam mattress back in 2012 and it’s still going strong! The odor was minimal upon opening, and the foam has proven durable. 90003 90046 What’s Special About Latex Mattresses? 90047 90002 Latex is far more bouncy than memory foam (it would recover far more quickly from the hand test above).It is also much firmer. There are two different types of latex used for mattresses-natural and synthetic. Synthetic latex mattresses have a bit less bounce and may feel more similar to memory foam. 90003 90002 90007 Pros of latex mattresses: 90008 90003 90030 90011 Natural latex is all-natural and easy on the environment, making it a great choice for environmentally conscious people. 90012 90011 Latex mattresses have lots of little holes punched in them, helping to promote air flow and keep the bed cool while you’re sleeping.90012 90011 This increased air circulation means latex mattresses are less prone to developing mold and bacteria. 90012 90039 90002 If you’re considering latex, the Pure Green Natural Latex Mattress is an excellent choice. It’s a bit pricey, but the quality is very high and the components are all natural-100% natural latex foam, organic wool, and organic cotton. 90003 .