Фундамент под пристройку к дому: Как сделать фундамент для пристройки к дому

Как сделать фундамент под пристройку к кирпичному дому самостоятельно

Знаменитые булгаковские строки о квартирном вопросе, который испортил наших людей, актуальны и поныне. Владельцам загородной недвижимости здесь повезло больше – достаточно пристроить дополнительную жилую площадь и уладить юридические проблемы. Однако мало кто учитывает целый ряд факторов, возникающих от взаимодействия новой и существующей постройки. Сбалансированность и надежность всей конструкции зависит от правильного выбора основания, о чем и будем рассуждать.

Какой фундамент лучше выбрать под пристройку к кирпичному дому: типы рекомендуемых оснований

Профессиональные строители советуют делать основу для пристраиваемого помещения такого же типа, что и у существующего здания. К примеру, если дом построен на монолитной ленте, то нет смысла экономить и строить дополнительное строение на столбчатом основании. Дело в том, что различные виды несущих конструкций взаимодействуют с грунтами по-разному, естественно, и усадка у них отличается. Поэтому не стоит рисковать, выбирая разнотипные основания – так будет надежнее.

В соответствии с вышесказанным, фундамент под пристройку к дому своими руками чаще всего бывает двух типов:

• Ленточный монолитный железобетонный.
• Столбчатый.
• Сборный фундамент из блоков.

Для каркасного строительства используют еще один вид основания – свайный или свайно-винтовой, но сегодня речь не о нем. Первые два варианта показывают на практике вполне достойные результаты.

В определенных условиях достаточно и мелкозаглубленной ленточной конструкции, подошва которой расположена не ниже 60 см уровня земли. Здесь важен фактор степени пучинистости грунта. К пучинистым относятся глина, суглинок и супесь.

При наличии на участке равномерного грунта фундамент под пристройку к кирпичному дому можно объединить в единую конструкцию. Но только при отсутствии существенной усадки у построенного дома. В противном случае применяется деформационный шов.

Когда можно привязывать новое основание к старому

В строительстве используется два вида привязки базовых конструкций:

• Жесткая – подходит для зданий, которые построены давно. Процессы усадки в них уже прошли. Особое внимание следует уделять свойствам почвы – для пучинистых грунтов такая схема не рекомендована.
• Деформационный шов – не предполагает жесткой связи с фундаментной конструкцией основного дома. Технология применима на пучинистых грунтах – зазор позволяет воспринимать нагрузки без появления разрушающих процессов.

Как своими руками присоединить к стоящему дому фундамент под пристройку: базовые решения

В любом случае заглубляться нужно на уровень уже существующего основания, даже чуть выше – предусматривая будущую усадку. Наличие песчаной подушки обязательно.

Жесткое соединение

Такой вариант актуален, когда грунт на участке позволяет спрогнозировать осадку строения, то есть – слабопучинистый или непучинистый. Выполнить полноценное жесткое соединение непросто, но для строительствае многоэтажной пристройки это лучший выбор.

Стыковка «лента-лента»

Два ленточных фундамента соединяются в единый новый контур после проведения нескольких этапов:

• Откопать траншею длиной около 2 м на глубину основания здания и обустроить подушку из песка.
• Пробурить в основании дома отверстия, соответствующие диаметру закладываемой арматуры. Глубина отверстий для срединной части ленты равна ¾ ее ширины (в шахматном порядке), для угловых узлов – 0,5 м.
• В отверстия срединной части забивают арматурный прут с продольным разрезом, в который вставляется клин. В отверстия по 0,5 м вбивают арматуру периодического профиля диаметром 14 мм. Выпуск штырей для связки должен быть в пределах 40-50 см.
• Используя выпуски вставленной арматуры, формируется каркас для фундамента под капитальную пристройку к кирпичному дому или коттеджу. Стальные пруты в процессе скрепляются при помощи сварки.

Технология подходит и для незамкнутого контура, с разницей, что штыри вбиваются несколько иначе. В местах контакта двух оснований их количество должно быть больше, чем у замкнутого аналога.

Стыковка «плита-плита»

Реализация жесткой стыковки двух монолитных плит фундамента возможна при наличии нескольких условий:

• Толщина основания здания превышает 40 см.
• Наличие выступа плиты от цоколя дома.
• Плита должна выступать не менее чем на 300 мм.

Перечисленные условия дадут возможность самостоятельно оголить плитную арматуру и связать ее с каркасной конструкцией новой основы.

Деформационный шов или делаем отдельное основание

Самый доступный и потому наиболее распространенный метод. Он предполагает возведение отдельного основания, которое расположено рядом с главной постройкой. Для ленточной конструкции надежнее всего будет замкнутая схема, когда около дома возводится полноценный ростверк из железобетона.

Для гидроизолирующего слоя между двумя базами применяют рубероид или теплоизолирующий материал. Цель такого решения элементарна – создать своими руками прослойку между фундаментом под пристройку к дому и основанием самого здания, что убережет конструкцию от повреждений.

Расчеты следует ориентировать на потенциальную нагрузку от пристроенного помещения и характеристики грунта. Закладку новой конструкции делают немного выше старой, чтобы со временем она опустилась на общий уровень.

Важно! Лучшим решением будет планирование будущего флигеля еще на стадии строительства основного жилья. Грамотный подход избавит от необходимости обустройства деформационных швов и позволит создать реально жесткую конструкцию.

Заключительный этап: сколько сохнет фундамент из бетона под кирпичную пристройку к зданию

Прочность железобетона находится в прямой зависимости от условий его высыхания. При нормативной влажности и температуре воздуха набор прочности происходит за четыре недели. После этого периода несущая конструкция готова к принятию предусмотренных нагрузок.

Важно понять, что процесс отвердевания – это не само высыхание раствора, а результат химической реакции. По поводу сроков:

1. Первые сутки – 30% прочности.
2. Семь суток – 70% прочности.
3. Тридцать суток – 100% прочности.

Работу с железобетоном нужно проводить при температуре не менее +5°C. При низких температурных режимах используют электроподогрев, что в домашних условиях трудновыполнимо. Поэтому есть смысл планировать все строительные работы на летний период.

Существующие нормы оговаривают ряд простых правил, которые вполне выполнимы в домашних условиях. Это средняя влажность, нормальное давление, температура около +20°C и предохранение от прямых солнечных лучей. Мастера, знающие, сколько сохнет фундамент из бетона под пристройку, рекомендуют периодическое увлажнение и предотвращение солнечного нагрева.

Использование пленки и увлажняющих тканей поможет избежать быстрой потери влаги и растрескивания. Особенно важны такие мероприятия в первую неделю после закладки раствора в опалубку.

90000 House Extensions: 25 Things to Know Before You Start 90001 90002 If you’re reluctant to move because you love your house and where it is, but you just need some extra square footage, then a house extension can transform the space you do have to give you what you need. 90003 90002 Whether you intend to extend up, out or to the side, there are some key things to know before your project begins, from the legalities and logistics to budgets and builders. 90003 90002 To help you navigate your house extension project, we’ve pulled together 25 things you need to know before your build starts.90003 90008 1. Do House Extensions Add Value? 90009 90002 For house extensions to make economic sense, you need to make sure the value added is greater than the cost of the project. It can be difficult to assess, but finding similar local properties and seeing how much they’ve sold for can be a useful guide. 90003 90002 Be aware of the ceiling value in your area, and be prepared to adjust your plans if necessary. 90003 90008 2. House Extensions Need to Comply With Building Regs 90009 90002 Even if your house extension can be built under Permitted Development rights, work must get Building Regulations approval.90003 90002 The Building Regulations set out minimum requirements for: 90003 90020 90021 structural integrity 90022 90021 fire safety 90022 90021 energy efficiency 90022 90021 damp proofing 90022 90021 ventilation 90022 90021 and other key aspects that ensure a building is safe. 90022 90033 90002 Most repair work is excluded from Building Regulations, with the exceptions of replacement windows, underpinning and rewiring. However, apart from certain new buildings such as sheds, outbuildings and some conservatories, all new building work, including alterations, must comply with the Regulations.90003 90002 Typical Examples of Work Needing Approval: 90003 90020 90021 House extensions 90022 90021 Loft conversions 90022 90021 Internal structural alterations, such as knocking down an internal wall that is loadbearing 90022 90021 Installation of baths, showers, WCs which involve new drainage or waste plumbing 90022 90021 Installation of new heating appliances 90022 90021 New chimneys or flues 90022 90021 Altered openings for new windows 90022 90033 90002 (90055 MORE 90056: The Complete Guide to Planning Permission) 90003 90008 3.Should I Build as Big a House Extension as Possible? 90009 90002 Top Tip: Matching materials 90003 90002 If you are aiming to match your house extension to the existing property then you need to source matching materials (which is sometimes easier said than done). One mismatch can stand out like a sore thumb. 90003 90002 Often extenders get preoccupied with only thinking of the project in terms of square metres, not in terms of what that size is adding to the house. Bigger is not always better when it comes to house extensions, and there are often ways of creating the feeling of more space, without adding a large extension.90003 90002 This is often achieved through clever design, not only of the new space, but also what is already there. 90003 90008 4. Choose the Right Designer for Your Home Extension 90009 90002 When it comes to the design of your extensions, there are a number of options you can choose from. 90003 90002 These include: 90003 90002 Ask for recommendations from friends, family and neighbours, but also look online for practices that have designed projects similar to what you are hoping to build.90003 90002 90003 90078 The owners of this house were able to convert a barn and link it to their property under PD rights 90079 (Image credit: Dave Burton) 90008 5. Design in Efficiency Early On 90009 90002 By focusing on the fabric of your new house extension, you may be able to far outstrip the U values ​​and airtightness levels specified by the Building Regulations. 90003 90002 However, appending a thermally-efficient extension to a poorly insulated home will not make it cheaper to run overnight and you should look to improve the efficiency of the main house while the builders are on site.90003 90008 6. Building a House Extension On or Near a Sewer 90009 90002 If your house extension will be built over or in the area of ​​a sewer, you will need to contact your water board before work begins. «The location of sewers needs to be carefully considered,» Jonathan Durndell of Milton Keynes Architectural explains. «If a shared sewer (one which serves more than one property) is within 3m of your extension, then a Build Over Agreement with your local water authority is likely to be required.»90003 90002 These can be tricky — and costly — especially if a new manhole is needed, or an existing one needs to be moved. 90003 90008 7. Extending Above a Single Storey 90009 90002 While it may seem appealing to extend above a single-storey extension or garage, these structures may not be able to support the load. 90003 90002 There are options where the old structure is not up to scratch: underpin existing shallow foundations; strengthen or bypass the existing with a steel frame bedded in new concrete pad footings; or demolish and rebuild.The latter is often the most cost-effective option. 90003 90008 8. Planning in Services for a House Extension 90009 90002 If you are extending your kitchen, you need to confirm the position of your units, cooker and white goods before work begins so that electrics, ventilation and plumbing can be planned in. 90003 90002 The same will apply if you’re building a two-storey extension and are including a new bathroom or en suite in the design. 90003 90008 9. Can Your Boiler Cope with the House Extension? 90009 90002 Adding house extensions will add demand to current hot water systems, which may not be able to cope.90003 90002 It’s advised that you work out what the new extension will need to be heated effectively, and factor in your boiler output, the size of the radiators, hot water cylinder size and the reheat time. 90003 90002 (90055 MORE 90056: Heating: Beginner’s Guide) 90003 90008 10. Living On Site Could Slow Down Progress 90009 90002 It is possible to live on site throughout a house extension, but aside from all the dust and mess, you may end up slowing down progress as the builders attempt to work around your life.90003 90002 If you’re not prepared to live with the disruption, then you should definitely consider looking for temporary accommodation (short-term rental, hotel or staying with family or friends). 90003 90008 11. Factor in Access Restrictions 90009 90002 If you live in a terraced home with restricted access, that may affect the options you have for your house extension design. For example, you may not be able to use certain construction methods, or you may need to make arrangements with your neighbours to temporarily remove fence panels or use their land for short-term storage.90003 90002 90003 90078 This single-storey extension added to a 1920s home was built under Permitted Development. As well as extending out, the family removed a wall between the living and dining rooms to open up the space 90079 (Image credit: Andrew Priest) 90008 12. Connecting the Old and the New 90009 90002 How well the additional space sits alongside the original property will undoubtedly affect the success of the project. While there are no hard and fast rules, you will need to make a decision on whether you want your new house extension to 90055 complement 90056 or 90055 contrast 90056 with the main house.90003 90002 90003 90078 This single-storey extension certainly lets in the light thanks to its bank of floor to ceiling windows 90079 (Image credit: IQ Glass) 90008 13. Building Off-Site Could Save Time and Money 90009 90002 Off-site construction systems , including cross laminated timber (CLT), oak frame, structural insulated panels (SIPs) and timber frame, often work well on house extension projects. As the name suggests, the majority of work happens in a factory off-site, and components are then delivered to site ready for erection.90003 90008 14. Should I Project Manage my Own House Extension? 90009 90002 «I would always maintain that the best person to oversee an extension that you are proposing to utilise and enjoy is yourself,» says project manager Bob Branscombe. «No one knows the space or the building better than you, and nobody has a greater level of interest in getting it right.» 90003 90002 Project managing any building project requires high levels of patience, organisation, problem-solving and decision-making skills.If you do not feel confident dealing with the problems associated with a build site or have the time available, a professional PM, main contractor or package company is a must. 90003 90002 90003 90078 This two-storey extension designed by Lynn Palmer Architects, with its curved roofline and angled glazing by 90079 90078 Kloeber 90079 90078, is a masterclass in how contemporary design can pair with tradition 90079 (Image credit: Kloeber) 90002 Before embarking on house extensions you should establish if you will be liable to pay the Community Infrastructure Levy (CIL).Some councils operate this scheme, and it’s applicable to extensions over 100m² in gross internal area (even if they are built under Permitted Development). 90003 90002 However, a self builder’s relief can apply, as Jonathan Durndell of Milton Keynes Architectural, explains: «To benefit from the self builder’s relief the applicant does not have to physically construct the extension themselves but they must intend to live at the property as their main residence for a minimum of three years from completion.90003 90002 «It is advisable to check with your local council to establish if any CIL charges are applicable and the route to apply and claim relief before you start construction.» 90003 90002 90003 90078 This traditional Victorian terraced house has been remodelled to provide more practical layout. The wall between the kitchen and dining room was taken down to open up the space 90079 (Image credit: Anthony Greenwood) 90008 16. Understanding the Party Wall Act 90009 90002 Your neighbours can not stop you from building up to, or even on, the boundary between your properties, even if it requires access onto their land (providing you have planning permission to do so, and there are no restrictive covenants).90003 90002 The Party Wall Act allows you to carry out work on, or up to, your neighbours ‘land and buildings, formalising the arrangements while also protecting everyone’s interests. This is not a matter covered by planning or building control. 90003 90002 If your house extension involves digging or building foundations within 3m of the boundary, party wall or party wall structure, or digging foundations within 6m of a boundary, the work will require you to comply with the Party Wall Act. In these cases you may need a surveyor to act on your behalf.The act does not apply in Scotland. 90003 90008 17. Site Insurance is a Must 90009 90002 When carrying out a house extension you need to have site insurance with an A-rated insurer to cover the existing structure and the new works until you complete the project. 90003 90002 Even if your builder has insurance, it is important to check their documents as the majority have 90055 liability cover 90056 which will require you to prove fault in the event of a claim, which can mean a lengthy legal battles.This may also not cover any natural events claims, such as fire, flood and storm damage. 90003 90002 If you are vacating the property during the build, you will require site insurance or unoccupied buildings insurance which will usually be a minimum six month policy. Always contact your existing insurance provider to notify them of works before you start. 90003 90002 Get a quote now to protect your project 90003 90008 18. Planning Rules in Conservation Areas 90009 90002 Permitted Development rights are restricted in Conservation Areas.Each local authority has its own policy for areas like this, but generally the basis of the policy is to prevent the loss of character of the area. So, if you’re thinking about a house extension, always contact your local conservation officer first. 90003 90008 19. Factor in Privacy 90009 90002 Your glazing choice may have an impact on how private your home is and how exposed you are to glances in from passersby and your neighbours. 90003 90002 One solution would be to consider your boundary treatments, which may need to be adapted to ensure privacy is maintained, while integral screens in your glazing provide privacy without spoiling your view.90003 90002 90003 90078 Perfect for bifold doors, these ClickFIT DuoLuxe pewter pleated blinds from 90079 90078 Blinds2go 90079 90078 have been added to the glazing of this house extension to provide shading and extra privacy 90079 (Image credit: Blinds2go) 90008 20. Check if Trees Are Protected 90009 90002 Some trees are protected by Tree Preservation Orders (TPOs). Even if house extensions do not require planning permission 90055 you can not alter or even prune a tree that has a TPO on it without planning permission 90056.90003 90002 All trees within a Conservation Area are protected by legislation and effectively have a TPO on them providing they have a trunk of diameter greater than 75mm. Altering a tree that is protected by a TPO is a criminal offence and can result in substantial fines so take care if you are extending your home near to a protected tree. 90003 90002 (90055 MORE: 90056 Tree Preservation Orders) 90003 90008 21. Do not Forget a Contingency Budget 90009 90002 A healthy contingency to cover any unexpected costs — the start of work on an extension project can uncover problems with the existing house that need addressing, for instance.90003 90002 90055 We recommend a contingency of somewhere between 10-20%. 90056 90003 90008 22. You Probably Can not Claim VAT Relief 90009 90002 Most house extensions will be subject to VAT on labour and materials at the standard rate of 20%, especially if you use a contractor to undertake the work. If you use local tradesmen who are not VAT registered you can save the 20% VAT on their labour, but you will still have to pay VAT on materials at the standard rate. 90003 90002 Some extension projects are eligible for VAT relief, such as work to listed buildings (zero rated), the conversion of an existing dwelling that changes the number of units (reduced rate of 5%) and work to a building that has been unoccupied for at least two years (reduced rate of 5%).90003 90002 To benefit from VAT relief if you are extending a listed building or renovating an unoccupied home, you must use a VAT-registered builder — you can not reclaim the VAT yourself. 90003 90002 (90055 MORE: 90056 Reclaiming VAT) 90003 90008 23. You Need to Notify Building Control of Your House Extension 90009 90002 Before any works begin, you will need to submit either a building notice or a full plans application to building control. A building notice will allow work to begin quickly, but you will lack the protection that building control has signed off on the design and you are liable to correct any work that fails to meet Building Regs ‘standards upon inspection.90003 90008 24. Light Ingress Needs to be Managed 90009 90002 Though bringing more light into a home is often a desired outcome of an extension project, unmanaged light ingress can create problems associated with solar gain. 90003 90002 Designers should be aware of this when designing glazing features into an extension and mitigate for the solar gain to avoid the situation where, like poorly designed conservatories, the extra space is usable for only a small part of the year. Screen fabrics can also be used to reduce glare and diffuse light.90003 90002 90003 90078 The large span of sliding doors and bank of rooflights flood this space with natural light, and the indoor outdoor Shard porcelain tiles from 90079 90078 The London Tile Co 90079 90078 help link the room to the garden 90079 (Image credit: The London Tile Co) 90008 25. How Much Glazing Can I Add to My House Extension? 90009 90002 «Part L of the Building Regulations limits the total area of ​​glazed elements in an extension to a maximum of 25% of the extension’s floor area,» says Jason Orme, experienced extender and H & R 90078 ‘s 90079 Editorial Director.90003 90002 «Particularly on small extensions, this poses a problem. A small kitchen extension, perhaps adding 20m² of space, could easily have its allowance taken up by a set of bifolds — 4m (W) x 1.8m (H) = 7.2m² or 36% of the floor area — and will therefore be rejected by building control. 90003 90002 «There are several ways around this. First of all, you need to deduct the total area of ​​the windows and doors that are being lost as part of the extension from your additional total. If that does not get you below 25%, then you’ll need to show that the new glazed extension can meet the energy performance standards achieved by a non-glazed extension in other ways.90003 90002 «If that still fails, then you’ll need to commission a SAP assessment to show that the CO2 emission rate from your glazed extension would be no greater than the emission from a fully compliant extension of the same size.» 90003 90002 Use our FREE Extension Cost Calculator to get an idea of ​​your costs 90003 .90000 Building Foundations: A Step-By-Step Guide 90001 90002 Building foundations is the crucial starting point when it comes to building a house. Your foundations will safely distribute the weight of your new home and prevent the subsoil from spreading, avoiding an unequal settlement of the structure, which could lead to structural issues down the line. 90003 90002 Mistakes at this stage could prove costly so it’s vital to double check all measurements, mark them on the plans and make sure everyone is working from the same set of plans.Be prepared to be flexible if the excavation process reveals some surprising ground conditions (setting aside a healthy contingency budget is essential for this stage). 90003 90002 If you are not sure which foundation system to choose or what type of soil you’re dealing with, then make sure you take a look at our guide to foundation systems and soil types. 90003 90002 Then, whether you’re project managing, taking on some of the work yourself, or want to have an overview of what your builder is about to do, here is a step-by-step guide for laying out your building foundations.90003 90002 You will typically need: 90003 90012 90013 mesh reinforcement in the foundation concrete 90014 90013 compressible material for lining the trenches 90014 90013 a polythene slip membrane 90014 90013 cut metal pins to use as markers ready on site 90014 90013 several rakes and pairs of wellies (you’ll be surprised how many people turn up for work in trainers) 90014 90013 to be aware of any lead-in times. If the engineers have designed a foundation that requires reinforcement cages, these may have to be manufactured off site 90014 90013 to think ahead to getting the services into the house, so get some lengths of pipe or ducting to take through the concrete.90014 90027 90028 1. Start Building Foundations by Marking Out a Level Datum Point 90029 90002 90003 90032 Mark out a level datum point 90033 (Image credit: Homebuilding & Renovating) 90002 Whats is a datum point? 90003 90002 A datum point is a point of reference from which further measurements can be made. The point can be based on the finished floor level, an existing building or a benchmark. 90003 90002 First you will need a level datum point. If you are building an extension this is usually the finished floor level or damp-proof course (DPC) of the existing building.For new builds, this will be marked on the plan as a fixed point such as a manhole cover or a marker in the road or pavement. 90003 90002 The datum point is important: all your height measurements are relative to this point, so any errors could cause problems later on, particularly if there is a height restriction placed on the building. 90003 90028 2. Calculate Material to be Removed 90029 90002 90003 90032 Calculate how much material needs to be removed and cleared as a starting point for your foundations and oversite 90033 (Image credit: Homebuilding & Renovating) 90002 Next, calculate how much material needs to be removed from the site to end up back at finished floor level once all the layers of flooring materials (insulation, concrete, screed, etc) have gone down.Time taken with a site level at this stage will make things easier later on when the digger may not be able to reach any areas that have not been dug deep enough. 90003 90028 3. Use String Lines to Mark Out Your Building Foundations 90029 90002 90003 90032 Start marking out the walls, starting with one corner point 90033 (Image credit: Homebuilding & Renovating) 90002 Start marking out for the walls. Set up timber hurdles at the end of each wall, out of the way of where the digger will need to be.These carry the string lines that represent the wall faces of your building. Where space is limited, use corner pins instead and set up the hurdles after the concrete is in. 90003 90028 4. Mark Out the Trenches for Your Building Foundations 90029 90002 90003 90032 Use marker paint to mark out your footings 90033 (Image credit: Homebuilding & Renovating) 90002 Begin lining up your footings by referring to your datum point. When it comes to extensions, never assume an existing building is square; pick the side you need to be square to and set up a line, then square off that line.90003 90002 The easiest way to do this is using Pythagorus’s theorem (the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the square of the other two sides). If you measure the length of your first wall and then secure a tape measure at each end, by working out the length of the hypotenuse you can use both tapes to give you a third point exactly 90 ° to your first line. 90003 90002 Alternatively, most modern laser levels have a square function which does this for you. 90003 90028 5. Mark All Corners 90029 90002 90003 90032 Once you have two lines set up at 90 °, other measurements can be taken 90033 (Image credit: Homebuilding & Renovating) 90002 Once you have two lines set up at 90 °, all other measurements can be taken from this point, with all corners and junctions marked.A lot of digger drivers are quite happy for you to mark ‘centre of dig’ lines, but you may prefer to mark both sides of the trenches. 90003 90002 Check the width your walls and allow 150mm both sides, then use a string line as a guide to mark the trenches with marker paint. 90003 90028 6. Start Digging The Foundation Trenches 90029 90002 90003 90032 Digging the trenches can begin 90033 (Image credit: Homebuilding & Renovating) 90002 Now you’re ready to start digging. Have your site level set to the depth you need to dig and check it often.Ultimately it is down to the building control inspector to decide how far down you need to go; they will inspect at this stage and advise. 90003 90028 7. Introduce Depth Pegs and Pour 90029 90002 90003 90032 Introduce depth pegs in the trenches to show where you need to fill concrete to 90033 (Image credit: Homebuilding & Renovating) 90002 Once Building Control has visited, you are ready to pour the footings. You should place depth pegs in the trenches to show you how deep to fill, but you may find that marking the sides of the trenches with marker paint also works well, with a final onceover with the site level and a concrete rake to get them spot on — the more accurate you can be with your levels the easier (and cheaper) the next stage will be.90003 90002 Also make sure that ducts are installed for any pipes or cables that need to cross the trench below the concrete. 90003 90002 90003 90032 Begin pouring the footings using either a pump or labourers with barrows 90033 (Image credit: Homebuilding & Renovating) 90002 If your site is difficult to access, it may be worth considering a concrete pump. This can work out more cost-effective than a few bodies with barrows. 90003 90028 Keeping the Site Tidy When Building Foundations 90029 90002 Before you fire up the digger you’ll need to decide 90107 what’s going to happen to the spoil 90108.If it’s staying on site you may need to hire in a dumper so that it can be stored in a suitable place where it will not interfere with the build. 90003 90002 Otherwise, you’ll have to organise lorries to take it to a tip. The turnaround time, or distance to the tip, will dictate how many lorries are needed to maintain continuity on the dig. 90003 90002 You will also need to decide 90107 whether you’ll be able to load the concrete directly into the trenches or whether a pump will be needed 90108.If you do decide on a pump — always a good idea if more than three loads are anticipated — then it will need to be booked and the concrete suppliers advised so that their mix and turnaround time can be adjusted to facilitate a continuous pour. 90003 90028 Getting Lorries to Site 90029 90002 If the concrete is being directed from a lorry into the trench then you need to make sure that there is hardstanding and stable ground for it to park. 90003 90002 Most mixes can be ‘pulled’ around the trenches using rakes, but if the sides of the trenches are unstable this may cause collapses and unwanted contamination of the concrete.(Shuttering the trenches prior to pouring can aid in this instance.) 90003 90002 Lorries have extension ramps but these can usually only reach for around 4m at most. Unless the lorries can off-load at various convenient points around the building, then it’s best to use a pump. 90003 90028 Adding a Basement When Building Foundations 90029 90002 If your ground conditions appear difficult, you might do well to consider building a basement. If you are expecting to spend, say, £ 30,000 on getting out of the ground, then you are maybe halfway towards the cost of a basement and you may find that you are able to add considerably more value to the house than the additional cost of a basement build.90003 .90000 20 House Extension Ideas | Homebuilding 90001 90002 Looking for house extension ideas? If you are planning on extending your home, then you will need to research what kind of extension you want to build. These 20 ideas will provide loads of design inspiration to help you create the best addition for your home and to get your project off the ground. 90003 90002 These house extension ideas below will give you advice about all the things you need to think about before you commit to extending — from how much value an extension will add through to how the addition is going to work with your existing home.90003 90006 1. Reconfigure Your Existing Space 90007 90002 When it comes to good house extension ideas, the existing space is often reconfigured to make the most of the new space. The reconfiguration will allow you to establish the optimum layout to make the most of access, views, natural light and privacy. 90003 90002 Internal walls and doorways can be added or removed to achieve the space you require and to integrate any new extension, to ensure you get real value and use from it. Consider the position of the entrance and central hallway — which should lead efficiently to all main rooms — and the relationship between key spaces, such as the proximity of the dining area to the kitchen.90003 90002 Use our Extension Cost Calculator. 90003 90006 2. Consider a Two-Storey Extension 90007 90002 Building two storeys rather than one is a great idea for those who are looking to achieve maximum value for money with their house extension idea, as the average cost per square metre (m²) is reduced by stretching the more expensive elements of roof and foundations over a larger area. 90003 90002 90003 90020 This cottage has been extended with a large two-storey addition and new veranda 90021 (Image credit: Simon Maxwell) 90002 You could also build an extra storey over the top of an existing single-storey structure, such as a garage (providing the existing foundations and structure are adequate enough).90003 90002 (90025 MORE 90026: How much will my extension cost?) 90003 90006 3. Choose the Right Materials for Your Extension 90007 90002 Another great house extension idea is to choose either a contrasting but complementary style, or make the extension look like it has always been there. The former is much easier to pull off well. 90003 90002 If you decide on the latter, make sure you copy the key design elements, roof pitch, materials and details like the brick bond and even the mortar colour, or your new addition will look wrong.90003 90006 4. A Contemporary Kitchen is a Great House Extension Idea 90007 90002 If you are looking to create a contemporary designer kitchen in your extension but do not have the budget for a bespoke design, create your own using modular units, combined with end panels, worktops and other features sourced elsewhere to recreate the same look. 90003 90002 Most trade suppliers do not offer panels large enough to create big islands or floor-to-ceiling banks of units to form an ‘appliance wall’, without obvious joints.You can overcome this by buying large sheets of MFC (melamine-faced chipboard) in a matching or complementary finish from a specialist such as Timbmet together with matching iron-on edging strips. Sliding metal timber unit doors to suit standard-size cupboard units are also available from CK Kitchens. 90003 90002 90003 90020 The Contour kitchen in Bumblebee matt yellow will add a vibrant splash of colour to a contemporary kitchen. From £ 6,538 90021 (Image credit: Wren) 90006 5. Add a Conservatory or Sunroom 90007 90002 If you are looking for a relatively inexpensive house extension idea, then this is where the conservatory or sunroom comes into its own.Smaller conservatories often do not require planning permission, are excluded from the Building Regulations and are fairly inexpensive, making them one of the most popular home improvements. 90003 90002 A conservatory can have its drawbacks, however: it must be separated from the house by external doors to reduce energy loss, and it can be difficult to heat in winter and keep cool in summer. 90003 90002 A popular alternative is to build a sunroom — an extension with large areas of glazing, but with a conventional insulated roof and typically one insulated wall (particularly the one facing the boundary).The space can be open to the rest of the house, and the temperature can be controlled more easily. 90003 90002 (90025 MORE 90026: On a budget? Here’s how to keep costs down when building an extension) 90003 90006 6. Do not Forget Ceiling Space When Considering Your House Extension Ideas 90007 90002 Tall ceilings can transform the way a room feels — larger rooms especially are made to feel even more spacious and impressive. An extension gives scope to add this feature for relatively little cost, either by digging down to lower the floor level, or by building up.In a two-storey extension this may result in a split-level on the first floor, which can add interest. 90003 90002 Where an extension is beneath a pitched roof, there may be the option to create a vaulted ceiling, open to the ridge. Instead of building a conventional flat ceiling with a void above, fit insulation within the pitched roof structure to create this feature. 90003 90002 90003 90020 This new extension features vaulted ceiling and reclaimed oak trusses 90021 (Image credit: Dave Burton) 90006 7.A Glazed Link is a Great House Extension Idea for Period Homes 90007 90002 When it comes to period homes, it can be especially difficult to find the right extension design to complement the existing property. One possible solution is to add the new space as an entirely separate building in a sympathetic style — either traditional or contemporary — and to join the two with a fully glazed walkway. 90003 90002 Choosing structural glazing for the walkway will reduce its visual impact and leave the original building’s character unaltered.This is a device favoured by many conservation officers and can work well in linking existing period buildings, too. 90003 90006 8. Fireplaces: Bear Energy Efficiency in Mind 90007 90002 With increasing emphasis on energy efficiency, many people are blocking up open chimney flues and air vents or excluding them from their extension plans. Yet there are two energy-efficient options that still give the feature and comfort of real flames and are fitting for any house extension idea. 90003 90002 Flueless gas fires are 100% energy efficient and require no chimney or flue: a catalytic converter cleans all harmful combustion gases, producing just water and carbon dioxide.Designs include traditional fireplaces and stoves, and contemporary hole-in-the-wall models. 90003 90002 The second choice is a room-sealed woodburning stove, connected to an internal air source to prevent any draughts. They are highly energy efficient and there are some exciting modern design options. 90003 90002 90003 Installed by Prasino Stoves the Michelle smart stove (above) provides a sleek space-saving, sealed pellet stove (Image credit: Prasino Stoves) 90006 9. Outdoor House Extension Ideas 90007 90002 A covered outdoor living area provides somewhere to sit or eat outside during the warmer months, but is protected from either too much sunlight or light summer rainfall.90003 90002 You could choose a traditional option, such as a loggia or veranda, or go more contemporary space, set beneath a projecting flat roof supported by slender steel posts, perhaps with an area of ​​slatted sun louvres. 90003 90002 (90025 MORE 90026: How to bring the outside in) 90003 90006 10. Choose Pocket Doors for the Best of Both Worlds 90007 90002 When it comes to your house extension design idea, if you can not decide between enclosing a new extension with a wall or going open plan, consider fitting sliding pocket doors, giving you the best of both worlds.When closed, sliding flush doors can give the appearance of a wall, but when open they can disappear within the wall, presenting a clear opening. 90003 90002 Pocket door systems are available off the shelf (try Em-B) or you can buy the running gear separately (try Häfele) and have doors made up to suit your own design. 90003 90006 11. Make Sure Your House Extension Idea Features Obscured Glazing for Privacy 90007 90002 Introducing lots of natural light is one of the key ingredients in successful extension design.Where a potential new window opening will look out onto a neighbour, the street, a side alley or directly onto a boundary, consider using obscured glazing, so you get the benefit of daylight but without anyone being able to look in or out. 90003 90002 Traditional options include textured or stained glass and glass blocks, and more contemporary options include acid-etched or sand-blasted glass and coloured glass. 90003 90002 90025 Key Tips 90026 90003 90108 90109 90025 If you can not match a traditional home exactly, do not try 90026.A contemporary contrast is a more honest solution in this case 90112 90109 90025 It’s all about light 90026. An extension will take away some of the light source to your original rooms, so make sure it is packed with glazing 90112 90109 90025 Create a feature 90026. Whether it’s a staircase, fireplace, kitchen island or something else 90112 90121 90006 12. Make a Feature Out of Your Lighting 90007 90002 Top tip 90003 90002 Independent control of each circuit using dimmer switches or smart switches with preset options is essential.90003 90002 A well thought out lighting scheme will create a great atmosphere in your new space, allowing you to use different combinations of circuits for different activities. 90003 90002 As well as 90025 ambient lighting 90026 to provide basic background light for everyday activities, include 90025 accent lighting 90026 in the form of directional spotlights, uplights, downlights, wall washes, baffled (concealed source) lights, table lamps and standard lamps to create light and shade, which is key for atmosphere.Add decorative lamps, for instance, above a kitchen island or dining table as 90025 feature lighting 90026. 90003 90002 90003 90020 Lighting can really help zone an open-plan space like this kitchen-diner featuring the Boston NIQ1330 pendant light from 90021 90020 Perrin Interiors Ltd 90021 (Image credit: Perrin Interiors) 90006 13. The Best House Extension Ideas Manage Acoustics 90007 90002 Contemporary extensions with glass walls, polished stone or concrete floors and crisp, clean lines can look fantastic, but they can also create acoustic problems as sound reverberates from one solid flat surface to another.Such problems need to be overcome by introducing soft sound-absorbent materials into the room. 90003 90002 However, rugs, curtains and soft furniture are not always appropriate — in a dining or kitchen area, for instance. An alternative is to fit some form of 90025 acoustic panels 90026. These can be fitted to the walls as textured profiled panels like wall art, or flat panels printed with any chosen image. 90003 90002 Find out more about controlling noise in your home 90003 90006 14. Frame the Views from Your House Extension 90007 90002 Position window openings to frame the best views and to improve privacy — by screening off any unsightly external features or neighbouring properties.Options include projecting bay windows and oriel windows set at an angle, with one or both reveals designed to act as a blinker. 90003 90002 90003 90020 This window seat artfully captures a view of nearby trees 90021 (Image credit: Simon Maxwell) 90002 Think about the shape of the window and the height of the cill, too — narrow elongated windows can create wonderful panoramic aspects, or be designed to frame a particular landscape view. Low-level windows can be effective at creating views when sitting or lying in bed.90003 90002 Window seats can be another useful device here. 90003 90006 15. Consider a Cantilevered House Extension Idea 90007 90002 Cantilevering is a useful device for creating design features such as balconies, mezzanines or whole storeys that project out from the floor below and appear to float with no visible means of support. 90003 90002 90003 90020 This award-winning cantilevered extension designed by 90021 90020 Adam Knibb Architects 90021 90020 is a clever solution to a challenging site 90021 (Image credit: Martin Gardner c / o Adam Knibb Architects) 90006 16.Make the Most of a New Staircase 90007 90002 If you decide to go for a new staircase when extending, consider making it a key design feature. Options include floating cantilevered treads, open treads, glass or metal balustrading, galleried landings, sweeping curves and spirals. It is probably the best opportunity to create an exciting architectural feature in the home. 90003 90006 17. Give Your Home an Exterior Makeover 90007 90002 Instead of building an extension to match your property’s existing architectural style, the project can become part of an overall redesign scheme that completely transforms your home’s appearance.This is a good technique for adding character and value to buildings that are bland, utilitarian, unfashionable, or which have been extended unsympathetically in the past. 90003 90002 You might be able to undertake the remodelling work under Permitted Development rights (whereby planning permission is not required), but do check with your local planning authority first. 90003 90002 90003 90020 This 1930s bungalow was also given an exterior facelift (and reclad in render) when it was extended 90021 (Image credit: Paul Arthur) 90006 18.Exposed Oak Beams 90007 90002 A vaulted ceiling with exposed oak beams makes a great design feature that gives a room instant character — ideal for a kitchen, sitting room or master bedroom. An entirely oak frame extension is ideally suited to a rustic-style property such as a cottage, farmhouse or a barn conversion, or an Arts & Crafts home. 90003 90002 A cost-effective option is to combine an oak frame principal roof structure (principal rafters, collar, tie beams, braces, ridge and purlins) with softwood rafters — the latter hidden behind plasterboard and insulation.90003 90002 An oak frame extension can be encased within structural insulated panels (SIPs) or any other construction system to ensure it meets Building Regs ‘standards of thermal efficiency. 90003 90002 90003 90020 Exposed rafters gives a more traditional country look in this extension designed by 90021 90020 Roderick James Architects 90021 (Image credit: Roderick James Architects) 90006 19. Introduce Natural Light into Your House Extension Idea 90007 90002 Bringing daylight into your extension from more than one direction to add multiple layers of light and shade, will greatly enhance the quality of space.90003 90002 As well as maximising window and glazed door openings, consider introducing a bank of rooflights, a roof lantern or a clerestory (a row of windows set just below ceiling level and above the eye level) to bring in light from above. In addition to bringing light deep into the floorplan of an extended home, these ideas will also help address issues regarding overlooking and privacy. 90003 90002 90003 90020 A roof lantern brings light flooding deep into this extended home 90021 (Image credit: Jody Stewart) 90006 20.Consider an Annexe 90007 90002 Where the garden is large enough, an annexe might well prove a more sensible and manageable solution than extending the existing house. A garden building might provide additional games space, but would be much more exciting as self-sufficient accommodation, providing kitchen, bedroom and bathroom spaces. 90003 90002 (90025 MORE 90026: Do I need planning permission for an annexe?) 90003 90006 Insuring Your Extension Project 90007 90002 Did you know that by starting an extension project, you could invalidate your existing home insurance policy? 90003 90002 Homebuilding & Renovating has partnered with leading insurance specialist Self Build Zone to provide bespoke solutions at market-leading rates.90003 90002 Get a quote now to protect your extension project. 90003 .90000 How Much Does an Extension Cost? 90001 90002 Are you planning to extend you home and wondering how much an extension is going to cost? 90003 90002 It’s a key question and one that needs exploring before your build begins. There’s lots to consider — how far you’re going to build up and out, the quality of the build that your budget can stretch to and how much involvement you’ll have in managing the project — they’re all factors in determining your bottom line. 90003 90002 To help you get an idea of ​​how much your extension will cost, we’ve pulled together five top tips that will help you set a budget before you begin.90003 90002 Here’s what to consider. 90003 90010 1. How Much a Single or Two-Storey Extension Will Cost 90011 90002 Depending where you are in the UK, the cost of a straightforward extension should allow for around £ 1,000- £ 2,000 / m². The standard of specification you choose will have an enormous influence on the build cost. On average, an excellent finish is 40% more than a standard finish. 90003 90002 Expect to pay roughly … 90003 90016 90017 Basic quality: £ 1,000 to £ 1,680 / m² 90018 90017 Good quality: £ 1,680 to £ 1,920 / m² 90018 90017 Excellent quality: £ 1,920 to £ 2,160 / m² 90018 90023 90002 Expect to pay roughly … 90003 90016 90017 Basic quality: £ 1,320 to £ 1620 / m² 90018 90017 Good quality: £ 1,700 to £ 2,000 / m² 90018 90017 Excellent quality: £ 1,800 to £ 2,500 / m² or more.90018 90023 90002 A two-storey extension will not cost much more per m2 because, aside from the extra interior fixtures and finishes, you are only adding walls and floor joists — a roof and foundations are required whether your extension is single or two storey. 90003 90002 Remember, balance the amount you are willing to spend on your extension with the estimated value it will add to your home. 90003 90002 (90039 MORE 90040: Building an extension: a beginner’s guide) 90003 90010 2. Factor in Other Costs 90011 90002 Top tool 90003 90002 Use our free extension cost calculator tool to estimate how much your extension project is likely to cost.90003 90002 There are many variables that will affect how much your extension will cost, such as: 90003 90016 90017 soil type (which affects the foundations) 90018 90017 what the extension will be used for (and how much it will cost to fit it out ) 90018 90017 how much glazing you plan to specify 90018 90017 size (it gets slightly cheaper per unit area as the size increases) 90018 90017 location (the most expensive locations are around 30% t more than the cheapest locations when it comes to labour) .90018 90023 90010 3. How Will Your Extension Project be Managed (and Who Will Do It)? 90011 90002 Your build route is based on how you want to manage your extension project and will affect how much your extension will cost. 90003 90002 How you manage your project could mean a 40% variation from the cheapest route, based mainly on DIY, to the most expensive route, in which a main contractor takes on the role of project manager. 90003 90002 Homeowners usually choose one of four main routes: 90003 90016 90017 90039 DIY: 90040 building on a largely DIY basis, substituting around 30% of the labour costs with DIY and employing help with the rest of the building work.Materials purchased directly 90018 90017 90039 Self managed / subcontractor: 90040 building using tradespeople hired directly. Minimal DIY involvement. Most materials are purchased directly 90018 90017 90039 Hiring a main contractor and subcontractors: 90040 building using a main contractor or package supplier to complete the extension to a weathertight stage, with the remaining work being undertaken by subcontractors with most materials purchased by self builder direct from suppliers 90018 90017 90039 Hiring a main contractor: 90040 building using a main contractor.Building in this way requires the least involvement from the self-builder. 90018 90023 90010 4. Get Accurate Quotes for Your Extension Costs 90011 90002 It sounds obvious, but not being clear about quotes and estimates can make a real difference to the accuracy of your pricing and how much your extension will cost. 90003 90002 90039 An estimate 90040 is normally a contractor’s guess as to what your extension will cost. Whether given verbally, or in writing, is not legally binding and the final bill may exceed it.90003 90002 90039 A quotation 90040 is a definite price. The written quotes should itemise the work to be done, provide a breakdown of costs and a total, and state whether VAT is included. 90003 90002 (90039 MORE 90040: Rear extension design ideas) 90003 90002 90039 Tips for Comparing Quotes 90040 90003 90016 90017 When you receive the bids, check whether there are any caveats that might involve extra expense 90018 90017 Compare provisional sums for work such as foundations to make sure you are comparing like with like 90018 90023 90010 5.Do not Forget to Add VAT to the Cost of Your Extension 90011 90002 Most extensions will be subject to VAT on labour and materials at the standard rate of 20%, especially if you use a contractor to undertake the work. 90003 90002 If you use local tradesmen who are not VAT registered you can save the 20% VAT on their labour, but you will still have to pay VAT on materials at the standard rate. 90003 90002 Some extension projects are eligible for VAT relief, such as: 90003 90016 90017 the conversion of an existing dwelling that changes the number of units 90018 90017 work to a building that has been unoccupied for at least two years 90018 90023 90002 To benefit from VAT relief from the above, you must use a VAT registered builder — you can not reclaim the VAT yourself.90003 .